Gravitational Lens and Galaxy Cluster, MACS 1206

Four and a half billion light-years away in the constellation Virgo, scores of galaxies have been drawn together by the mutual gravitational pull. NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has peered at this galaxy cluster and gravitational lens, known as MACS 1206. Gravity from the cluster's immense mass bends the space around it, causing the images of more distant galaxies directly behind the cluster (that are within our line of sight) to be warped and cast into arc-like smears of light. The orange streak to the right of the image center is one such example of an optically distorted galaxy that resides millions of light-years behind MACS 1206. The circular pattern of smaller galaxy pieces is more evidence of gravitational lensing.

The central object in the cluster is a giant elliptical galaxy plump with billions of old, reddish suns, surrounded by a thinner halo of stars. Disk-shaped spiral galaxies appear, both edge- and face-on, showing a defined structure of arms encircling their central bulges. The bluer galaxies have stars actively forming within them and, consequently, host groups of young blue stars that contribute to their overall hue. In contrast, red galaxies – especially those elliptical galaxies like the center one – are more stable in their behavior, with very few little recent star formation.

About the colours

This image is a composite of many separate exposures made by the ACS and WFC3 instruments on the Hubble Space Telescope using ten different filters. The color results from assigning different hues (colors) to each monochromatic image. In this case, the assigned colors are: Blue: ACS/WFC F606W (V) + F625W (r) Green: ACS/WFC F775W (i) + F814W (I) + F850LP (z) Red: WFC3/IR F105W (Y) + F110W (YJ) + F125W (J) + F140W (JH) + F160W (H)

About the data

This image was created from HST data from proposal 12069 : M. Postman (STScI) et al.